Paper

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and nanofiber (CNF) coatings that give paper and fiber-based packaging the oxygen, moisture and grease barrier performance previously supplied by plastic film or PFAS coatings — sold by wood-pulp and packaging-materials producers (CelluForce, Melodea, Sappi, Nippon Paper) headquartered outside the site's US/CN/EU region triad, spanning Canada, Israel, South Africa and Japan.

Bio-based dry-strength additives — cationic and thermally modified starches, cellulosic polymers and refining enzymes — that restore fiber-bonding strength in recycled-content paper and board while displacing synthetic polyacrylamide chemistry.

Bio-based paper sizing agents — pine-gum rosin, fatty-acid-derived AKD, part-renewable vegetable-oil ASA, and biomass surface/transparentizing agents — that make paper and board resist water, oil and print bleed while displacing fossil sizing chemistry in plastic-free fibre packaging.