Regenerative & personalized
The interface decides; a preparation is a population, not a product; and a batch of one is a scientific problem, not a logistics one.
Nineteen subjects that mix hardware, cells and data, and keep returning to the same ideas. The interface decides. An implant’s working life is set by how tissue reacts to it and by a stiffness mismatch at the boundary, not by material strength; what happens on a device surface in the first seconds decides what grows around it a month later; a chronic neural electrode loses its signal to the glial scar, not to its electronics.
A preparation is a population, not a product. Exosome therapy’s real problem is potency, not yield; infused mesenchymal cells mostly die in the lung within hours — and the best current account says that is the mechanism; a two-channel headband reads exactly what two dry electrodes can read, no more.
A batch of one is a scientific problem. Personalised medicine has to say what a single outcome can and cannot establish — the same discipline a digital twin obeys when it substitutes for a measurement without creating information about effect.
Start with personalised regenerative medicine: it states why n-of-one is the field’s defining constraint; the interface and neurotechnology pages then show what the body does to anything placed in or on it.
Articles 20
| Bio products for intimate health Why the vaginal microbiome is a rare community with a genuine protective mechanism — and why adding a strain to it is far harder than naming one. |
| Biomedical engineering and implants Why an implant's working life is set by how tissue reacts to it and by a stiffness mismatch at the interface, not by the strength of the material. |
| Cognitive performance optimisation What is left of cognitive enhancement once the marketing is removed: a handful of real mechanisms, nearly all of them restoring a deficit rather than lifting a healthy baseline. |
| Geroscience and senolytics Why a senescent cell does harm through what it secretes rather than through its presence — and why a drug that kills it has to be given intermittently. |
| Neural interfaces Why intention can be read off the cortex at all — and why a chronic electrode loses its signal to the glial scar rather than to its electronics. |
| Patient digital twins and in silico trials Why a patient model can substitute for a measurement but cannot create information about a treatment effect. |
| Xenotransplantation The three carbohydrate antigens that destroy a pig organ in minutes — and the virus that, in the real cases so far, mattered more than immunology. |
| Biomimetic medical adhesives Why glue fails on wet tissue, and why nature's answer keeps turning out to be the same molecule. |
| Consumer neurotech and wellness BCI/EEG What a two-channel dry-electrode headband physically can and cannot read off a human scalp. |
| iPSC: one cell line, every dose Reprogramming turned stem cells from a scarcity into a supply chain; the field's real product is the defined medium that makes two batches grow the same. |
| Exosome therapy and extracellular vesicles A vesicle preparation is a population, not a product — which is why potency, not yield, is this field's real problem. |
| In vitro gametogenesis and reproductive synbio Making an egg from a skin cell is mostly an epigenetic problem, and the only complete assay for success is a child. |
| Organ and tissue bioprinting The obstacle to a printed organ is not resolution. It is that living tissue has to be plumbed. |
| Personalized nutrition Two people eating the same meal really do get different blood glucose. Everything commercial hangs on how far that observation stretches. |
| Bioelectronic medicine and neuromodulation Why a pulse of current on a nerve can suppress inflammation — and why a nerve cannot be addressed as precisely as a receptor. |
| Bionic prostheses and neuroprosthetics Where a prosthesis gets its control signal — and why, without feedback, it stays a tool rather than a limb. |
| Digital therapeutics When software genuinely treats something — and how to tell a mechanism of action from a marketing category. |
| Medical device biointerfaces What happens on an implant's surface in the first seconds — and why that decides what grows around it a month later. |
| Partial epigenetic reprogramming Why a cell can be rejuvenated without erasing its identity — and why the window between rejuvenation and a tumour defines the whole technology. |
| Personalised regenerative medicine Why a batch of one is a scientific problem in its own right, not a logistics problem. |