# Vitamins (D3, B-group, ascorbic acid)

Contract manufacturing (CMO/CDMO/toll) — Industrial vitamin production — B-group vitamins by direct fermentation, vitamin C by two-step glucose bioconversion, vitamin D3 by UV photochemistry — is concentrated mostly in China for commodity ascorbic acid, while the EU retains unique fermentation capacity for riboflavin and…

Source: https://en.bioecon.ru/market/contract-manufacturing/vitamins-d3-b-group-ascorbic-acid/