oecd
Carbon management
OECD theme: CDR, biochar, BECCS and nature-based removals.
Where it's used
Bio-cementation & MICP materials
Microbes and mineral carbonation bind aggregate into cement at room temperature — replacing the 1,500-degree kiln that makes Portland cement responsible for roughly 8% of global CO2 — turning concrete into a carbon-negative climate asset sold as tiles, self-healing structures and CO2-derived aggregates.
Biochar carbon removal
Pyrolysing biomass into stable biochar — or fast-pyrolysis bio-oil injected underground — turns atmospheric carbon into a durable, monetisable climate asset, with soil-amendment value and certified carbon-removal credits as the twin revenue streams.
Biochar pyrolysis equipment & process
The reactor and balance-of-plant hardware that carbonises biomass into biochar plus heat and power — modular continuous carbonisers, biomass-cogeneration-coupled pyrolysis, and batch or mobile units — supplied by specialist manufacturers whose equipment is what makes certified biochar carbon removal physically possible.
Biological carbon capture & utilization (bio-CCU: gas fermentation, CO2-to-protein, e-fuels)
Turning captured CO2 into fuels, proteins, polymers and methanol via microbial gas fermentation, engineered microbes and algae — a carbon-utilization value chain from industrial emissions to circular carbon products.
Carbon markets & biofinancing
Carbon markets, Cap-and-Trade systems (ETS), and biofinancing transform bioeconomy ecosystem services into tradable financial assets, driving decarbonization and nature-based solutions.
DAC with biointegration (hybrid bio-DAC)
Direct air capture with bio-integration — carbonic-anhydrase-functionalized sorbents and engineered-microalgae photobioreactors that cut DAC regeneration energy and cost via low-temperature desorption.
Gas fermentation reactors
Purpose-built anaerobic bioreactors — tall bubble-column loop vessels, hollow-fiber cell-retention skids, and multi-stage gas cleanup trains — that let acetogenic bacteria convert steel-mill and refinery waste gas (CO, CO2, H2) into ethanol at commercial scale, one plant already running at 210,000 tonnes/year of biofuel-grade output.
Ocean alkalinity enhancement
Accelerating the ocean's natural carbon sink by adding alkaline minerals to seawater to safely sequester CO2.