technology
Stirred-tank bioreactors
Cylindrical vessels mixed by an overhead or bottom-driven impeller and aerated by a sparger, the dominant geometry for both stainless-steel and single-use bioreactors from 50 L to 2000 L and beyond.
Where it's used
Microcarriers for adherent cell cultures
Small (100–300 μm) suspended particles whose surface lets anchorage-dependent cells grow inside ordinary stirred-tank and single-use bioreactors — the consumable that turns adherent biology (vaccines, cell therapy, cultivated meat) into a scalable, GMP industrial process.
Single-use bag bioreactors (50L-2000L)
Gamma-irradiated single-use bag bioreactors in the 50-2000 L stirred-tank class — Sartorius Biostat STR, Cytiva Xcellerex XDR, Thermo Fisher HyPerforma, Merck Mobius — that replaced stainless steel for clinical and commercial mAb, vaccine and cell-and-gene-therapy manufacturing, cutting facility build-out from years to weeks and underpinning the CDMO economy.